Electric vehicle batteries may be lasting better than many people think, but new testing shows that there is a major difference between individual cars. A large study of at least 500,000 EV battery tests has found that vehicles of the same model can have very different levels of battery health.
The study was carried out by Austrian battery diagnostics company AVILOO using tests conducted from 2022 to 2026. It covered 20 well-known electric vehicle models and used physical measurements of the batteries instead of relying only on information shown on the vehicle dashboard.
The research measured battery State of Health, or SoH, at a trio of mileage points: 50,000 kilometers, 100,000 kilometers and the 150,000 kilometer mark. SoH indicates how much of the battery’s original usable capacity remains.
The results showed that battery health generally remains fairly strong as EVs gain mileage. For example, the Model Y from Tesla had a median battery health of 94.5 percent at the 50,000 kilometer mark. By 150,000 kilometers, the figure had reached 90.3 percent.
However, the bigger finding was the difference between individual vehicles. At the 150,000 kilometer mark, Model Y batteries showed differences of a maximum of 11% in SoH. The ID.4 from Volkswagen had a variation of around 11% to 12%, while the IONIQ 5 from Hyundai showed a difference of more than 12%.
The Nissan Leaf showed the widest gap in battery health. Its battery had an average SoH of 86.3 percent at 150,000 kilometers, while individual vehicles differed by as much as 13.5%.
These differences could matter greatly in the used EV market. Battery health affects how far a vehicle can travel on a charge and can also influence its resale value and long-term reliability. A car with a healthier battery may be worth more than another identical model with similar mileage but weaker battery performance.
The findings also show why buyers should not rely entirely on a single battery-health figure displayed by a vehicle. Dashboard readings may not provide the full picture of the battery’s condition.
Independent battery testing is therefore becoming increasingly useful. AVILOO has developed a short diagnostic test that uses information from the vehicle’s systems and compares it with data from hundreds of thousands of used EVs.
Other research has also pointed to hidden battery problems that may not be visible through standard battery-health readings. This suggests that deeper testing could become an important part of buying and selling used electric vehicles. Manufacturers should also study this matter further to find ways they can maximize battery quality in their models. Various brands like Rivian Automotive Inc. (NASDAQ: RIVN) could also look into how to leverage the data on the long-term health of their EV batteries while talking to potential buyers.
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